============================================================== *BEGINNER'S GUIDE TO NETWORKING ON VM/CMS* Lucia Ruedenberg Bitnet: soulr@hujivm1 Internet: soulr@vm1.huji.ac.il =============================================================== CONTENTS: 1. Introduction 2. Getting started 3. You just logged on. What now? 4. Basic commands 5. Basic tasks Download and upload a file Download a binary file Download to a floppy disk Spawn to Dos while in server mode Send a file Send a file as mail Mail to multiple addresses Create nicknames and notebooks Log incoming mail Create a signature Library catalogues in Israel 6. Getting more information =================================== 1. INTRODUCTION =================================== Welcome to the world of computer networking! The instructions in this manual are for a beginner. I hope they will get you started with simple networking tasks and make you interested enough to ask the computer center for more detailed information and background when you are ready. *If you have received this document electronically, you will need to download it to your PC in order to print it out. See instructions for this in section 5. I suggest you printscreen that section in order to help you through the process: Shift- PrtSc on your keyboard will always print what is on the screen* Note: this document was orginially written for users at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, thus some of the references are specific to that context. Feel free to adapt the text to your institution. I would appeciate if you acknowledge my authorship, even as you edit and/or expand upon the text. And of course I welcome comments and corrections. Good luck! Computer Mediated Communication from a home PC is composed of three parts that you must master: - your terminal (your computer with a modem) - your communications software (Kermit, Procomm, or another) - the mainframe you are logging onto, with its own software system specific to the kind of machine it is (in this case, an IBM machine running a VM/CMS system). Other common systems include IBM machine running MVS, VAX machine running VMS, and various kinds of UNIX machines. This guide is not for them. At HUJI (Hebrew University Jerusalem Israel) you are logging onto an IBM using the VM/CMS operating system. While logging on, you use Kermit commands. Once logged on to the IBM, you use VM/CMS commands. When you download and upload files to your PC you need to use both, as Kermit transmits information between the mainframe and your home PC. Your userid-account has access to two academic networks: Bitnet and Internet. Thus, you have two addresses for the same account. They look like this: Bitnet: userid@hujivm1 Internet: userid@vm1.huji.ac.il On the VM/CMS system the symbol @ must be spelled out as "at". Most, but not all universities have access to both Bitnet and Internet. If you mailing to a Bitnet address from an Internet-only account you will need to type it like this: userid at hujivm1.bitnet BITNET is the largest general purpose academic network, founded in 1981 by City University of New York and Yale. It was established in Israel in 1984. Bitnet is composed of IBM and IBM protocol machines. Packets are sent along set routes (much like a train track) so that speed depends on how overloaded a route is or whether a machine is up or down along the way. Bitnet has three main capabilities. I will describe them here briefly and in Section 4 below I will show you to make them work: -MAIL is distinguished by the header in which you fill in From/To/Subject. It has a size limit and usually is used for personal communication. -SENDFILE has no header. It is usually used for sending large texts or software files. -TELL is used to send interactive messages to another computer (provided it is logged on to a machine that supports interactive communication - not all do). Users can send messages to Bitnet listservs to sub or unsub from a list, request public files from servers, or send messages directly to another user if he or she is logged on. -MSG will send messages within the local VM system only. Sending mail or files is asynchronous. Sending messages is synchronous. INTERNET is a newer, faster network that uses a TCP/IP protocol to connect all different kinds of machines. Internet is a 3-level network with a backbone that uses routers to connect thousands of local machines (hosts). These routers decide which path Internet traffic will follow. Packets are addressed according to a domain-naming convention that, like regular mail, goes from most specific to most general. Thus an Internet address is longer than a Bitnet address. For example: userid@vm1.huji.ac.il userid = individual account (you) @ = at (in VM/CMS you need to spell this out in letters) vm1 = host (local IBM machine with VM system) huji = institution (Hebrew University Jerusalem Israel) ac = department (academic) il = domain (in this case, country:Israel) Internet supports three basic applications - mail (MAIL), file transfer (FTP), and remote login (TELNET). File transfer and remote login on Internet work differently from Bitnet: -FTP (file transfer protocol) allows you to connect to a public or private space on a remote server. You can explore directories of large files and get or send these via supercomputers to your personal userid. -TELNET allows remote login (private or public) - users from one institution can login to another institution's computer which might contain specialized databases or online library catalogues. -Internet LISTS or newsletters must be subscribed to by sending a request through e-mail. Internet was installed in Israel in the summer of 1990. As of August 1989 Internet connected over 118,000 host computers worldwide, with several thousand people using the computer at each site. Most, but not all, academic institutions have access to both Bitnet and Internet. In either case, you are joining a community that equals the population size of a major city - researchers, scholars, students and computer enthusiasts who communicate daily with thousands of their peers around the world! =================================== 2. GETTING STARTED =================================== *Logging on* will depend on the kind of communications software you use. There is no universal software, although kermit is available free of charge from your computer center. The communications software emulates the mainframe you are logging onto. This allows your home PC to act like a terminal in order to communicate with the mainframe. To log on with KERMIT you follow these basic steps. From your home PC, begin at the c:\ prompt, type and : kermit (invoke kermit software) do m (activate the modem) c (connect, talk to your modem) atdp 123456 (dial to mainframe) userid (access dial-in box (bridge) to mainframe from remote site) password c ibm (connect to ibm mainframe) (talk to the mainframe) vt100 (set terminal type) userid (access your personal account) password Here are a few tips: "a/" (no enter) is a generic Hays command for redial, if your first try did not connect. Put commas between atdp and the number "atdp,,,123456" to make it try longer than normal. (atdp=pulse dialing, atdt=tone dialing). or both connect to Kermit. Make sure you are dialing a LOCAL NUMBER to log in. If you are commuting to the institution at which you have your account, speak to the computer center and they can arrange for a guest account at a university near your home. If you have CALL-WAITING and do not disable it, incoming calls will disconnect you. If someone picks up the phone receiver, it will disconnect you. If possible, use a phone with unlimited local service. If this is impossible, watch the time or you will run up a very large phone bill! As you become more knowledgeable, you will learn of front-end communications software products that can save you time and work more efficiently. *Logging off* also depends on your software. With KERMIT you can do the following steps from inside your account. In the VM ready and running work space, type: logoff (connect to Kermit) ha (hangup) q (quit) =================================== 3. YOU JUST LOGGED ON: WHAT NOW? =================================== You have used your communications software, Kermit or another, to logon from your home PC to the IBM mainframe. From now on, you are working inside the VM/CMS system on the IBM mainframe. VM stands for Virtual Machine. CMS is a Command System for using the VM, which you share with many other users at your host. Each user is alloted a certain amount of space on the mainframe A disk, where your incoming mail is stored till you log on and read it. The CMS operating system allows users to view and manipulate text (your mail and files) through an editor called XEDIT. Your mail and files can be viewed and manipulated in three basic forms: readerlist (rl) (all incoming mail and files arrive here) filelist (filel) (mail and files can be stored and edited here) mail (mail) (outgoing mail can be composed here) These formats are evoked through a combination of PF-KEY MENUS and COMMANDS that you type and . I describe them in the section below. Before I describe them however, you need to pay attention to your screen when you first log on, and understand some basics: MORE/HOLDING: Check the lower right-hand corner of your screen for messages. The screen on the VM system does not scroll automatically. If it says MORE or HOLDING, you need to hit the GREY PLUS KEY in order to move to the next screen. If you do not have this key on your keyboard, you will need to emulate it. Ask the Computer Center for help with this. VM READY AND RUNNING: You have arrived in your userid-account and are in an empty space. This is your VM ready and running space. Your cursor is in the lower left hand corner. You can work from here! You type commands to execute the functions listed above: mail, sendfile, tell, telnet, ftp, etc., (see next section on basic commands). I like to think of this space as a courtyard from which various chambers and sub-chambers branch off. Actually, you are entering modes of Xedit, which is a mainframe text editor for the VM. As you enter each one you can do different jobs, and you see a different screen format. Technicians usually refer to the system as a tree structure, the VM space being like the root of this tree, and you climb onto various branches and sub-branches. For myself, the image of entering a room (an environment) is more helpful than climbing a tree (a fun but rather precarious place to sit and work). CURSOR: A note about your cursor. It can be jumpy and does not work exactly as you are used to in a wordprocessor. But it is very similar. You adjust to it's lively and somewhat independent character. Remember that you are in a virtual space; you are logged onto telecommunications lines, and there is activity on these lines. Sometimes the cursor just drags a bit behind your typing. Trust that the data is going in and continue. It will never be too far behind you unless there is serious interference from the lines. LINE NOISE: Sometimes activity on the lines causes Line Noise - garbage that appears on your screen. You can get rid of it usually with or scrollup/scrolldown inside a letter (PF7 and PF8). will clear and reset the screen. Late at night during less active hours, the lines are more stable. BAUD RATE: If the line noise is really impossible, set your Kermit to a lower BAUD RATE or SPEED of information transmission. This will stabilize your connection. 1200 is slower but more stable. 2400 is faster but less stable. If your current baud rate is 2400, go to Kermit by hitting or , and hangup. At the Kermit prompt type "set speed 1200" . Then hit "c" to connect and redial. CP READ: Sometimes when you first log on, you are thrown into a space where it says CP READ in the lower right hand corner, instead of RUNNING. You cannot work here. CP is a space for system programmers only. Try "b" to begin again and connect to VM space. If this does not work "i cms" will softboot your userid. When it says VM READ in the lower right-hand corner, again. If all else fails, you can "logoff" or "log" and connect again from the bridge: "c ibm" . =================================== IV: BASIC VM/CMS COMMANDS =================================== Here are some basic commands for the VM/CMS system. Note: commands and functions of the PF-Key menu can vary between VM systems. Hopefully the instructions in this manual will be close enough to other VM systems so that these instructions will be of general use. Start in your VM READY and RUNNING work space, type and : mail userid at node puts you into a mail header prompting you to enter real name, and subject - optional entries. If you keep hitting you will be in an addressed letter, ready for your text. Once you've made a nickname file you just type: "mail nick" (see instructions for this below). mail puts you straight into reading mail you have received, but you can't see how many letters there are. mail (me puts you into a mail menu, where you can see a list of all the letters that have come in. Your cursor is at the top ===> command line. If you type here: r 1 - you will read letter #1. r 1,2,3 - you read letters 1,2 and 3. r - you read from the first letter on through the list, with the help of the PF4 key for "next". d 1 - to delete letter #1. u 1 - will undelete letter #1. bo - puts you at the bottom of your list of letters, or at the bottom of a particular letter. top - puts you at the top of your letter, or list of letters. *Check* the bottom of the screen for function keys and their tasks. Your PFkey menu will change when you move from the mail menu, to write/send a letter, or read a letter: CURSOR (PF12) pops your cursor to and from => command line. QUIT (PF3) is usually a constant key. SCROLLUP/SCROLLDOWN (PF7/PF8) lets you move up and down the mail menu or inside a letter while you write or read. SENDMAIL (PF4) from the mail menu, sets up a new letter with a header for you to fill in. ADDLINE (PF5-add a line), DELLINE (PF6-delete a line), PAGE (PF9-add a page), etc., allows you to compose and edit a letter. The insert key will control whether the cursor pushes or types over text. SUSPEND (PF4) lets you suspend a letter while you are writing it and before you send it. It goes into your filel till you get it and send. (To do this, you have to "get" it from your filel. See instructions below for sending files as mail). SEND (PF2) sends a letter after you have written it. FORWARD (PF6) after reading a letter means to forward a letter on to another person. REPLY (PF5) will automatically address a reply to the letter you are reading. NEXT (PF4) will let you read the next letter. DELETE (PF9) will delete the letter you are reading. The next letter will come up on your screen automatically. LOG (PF2) keeps a copy of the letter you are reading. Confirmation appears at the bottom of your screen. *Outgoing* mail is automatically logged in your ALL NOTEBOOK in the filelist if you did not create a nickname in your Names file for that userid. (see section below) *Incoming* mail that you want to keep must be logged by you: put your cursor at the top ==> and type "log". Incoming mail is logged by default into ALL NOTEBOOK if you do not type another option or did not create a notebook for that userid. Refer to instructions below for logging mail, creating nicknames and notebooks. rl puts you in your READERLIST. Here you see both, the list of mail you saw in the mail menu, plus non-mail files sent to you by others. RECEIVE (PF9): You must receive files into your filelist before you can download them to your PC or send them on. Put the cursor to the left of a file and hit the PF9 key. Non- mail files go into your filelist as separate files. Mail files, they go into ALL NOTEBOOK by default. PEEK (PF11) and DISCARD: You can peek at or discard letters from the readerlist. Put the cursor next to the file or letter and hit PF11 for peek or type "discard" to delete a file. filel puts you in your FILELIST. Files received from your rl come here. There are also some software files here that operate your account. And mail that you want to keep is logged into notebooks here. Files *must* be here before you can send them to others or download them to your PC hardisk. Check your menu at the bottom of the page. PF key functions differ slightly from rl. BROWSE (PF10): you can look at your files by putting the cursor next to the file you want and hitting PF10. DISCARD: To discard a file you put your cursor next to the file and type: "discard" , or "erase" . XEDIT (PF11): You can edit a file through XEDIT. Put the cursor next to the file and hit PF11. You can add and delete a line by typing "a" or "d" next to a line. You can insert new text or type over old text. *Check* with the computer center that your default setting is for lower case letters rather than all CAPS, and have them change the default so you have numbers next to each line. This is important for copying, for instance. If you want to SAVE the changes you made to a file, then you need to type "file" or "ff" at the bottom ==> command line when you are finished. You can check HELP for more functions available through Xedit, such as copy and append. Or ask for advice at the computer center. Xedit deserves a document in itself and there is not room for this in this guide. ALL NOTEBOOK: all outgoing mail is automatically logged here unless you have created a nickname and notebook for the userid you write to. If you log incoming mail it goes here by default unless you specify options or create a nickname/notebook. (see more on this below) NAMES FILE: in this file you create nicknames and notebooks for a userid. (see instructions below) DISK SPACE IS FULL: Disk space in filel is limited. In time, if you find that you need more space, you can request it at the computer center. Otherwise, you need to download and/or discard some files. flist shows you a list of what is in your filelist and is almost exactly the same as filel except for the screen format. Check your menu at the bottom of the page for PFkey functions. list shows you a simple list of what is in your filelist sendfile filename filetype userid at node sends a file from your filel to the address you typed. Once you have entered a nickname in the names file you can just type: "sendfile nick". tell userid at node hello how are you? sends a real time message to user. If she is logged on a machine that supports interactive communications she sees your message on her screen. If she is not logged on you receive a msg saying so in a few seconds. Once you have made a nickname for her userid, you just type: "tell nick hello". tell listserv at taunivm sub il-board firstname lastname You have just sent an interactive message to the computer at Tel Aviv University that you want to subscribe to the il-board list. If the line to taunivm is up, you will receive a msg of confirmation from them in interactive mode, in a few seconds, and a letter will follow in another minute with details about the list. If the line is down, you get a msg saying taunivm is not logged on. You can also sub to a list by e-mail to listserv at taunivm, where the first line reads: sub il-board firstname lastname From now on, you will automatically receive mail from other subscribers who write to this list and when you write to the list all other subscribers read your contribution. =================================== 5. BASIC NETWORKING TASKS =================================== The following sections are a step by step guide for beginners to some basic tasks that will get you started. As your needs and skills grow, you can refer to more detailed explanations in HELP or go to your Computer Center with questions. DOWNLOAD AND UPLOAD A FILE *Get* a file *from* your filel to your pc hardisk *Send* a file *to* your filel from your pc hardisk Letters and files arrive in your rl. They must be in your filel before you can download them to your PC and print them out. Go into your rl, put the cursor next to the file you want and RECEIVE (PF9). Non-mail files will go into filel as separate files. Mail will be received into ALL NOTEBOOK by default. If you want to receive a piece of mail separate from ALL NOTEBOOK, you must put the cursor next to the letter, type "peek" . Then at the ==> prompt at the bottom of the screen type "save filename", giving it whatever name you wish. If you have logged mail into Notebooks, they are already in your filel (section below). Now QUIT (PF3). You are back in the VM running and ready space, your cursor in the bottom left hand corner. Type "filel" or "flist" to get the *exact* name and type of the file you want to get or send. Then quit your filel or flist and you're back in the VM space. Now you are ready to download. DOWNLOADING a file from your filel to your PC hardisk, you need to invoke kermit, the server mode, and go to local-kermit. It is a multiple step process so be careful about it. From your VM space, type: kermit server (requesting server mode) (going to local kermit) (Alt-x equals Ctrl]c) You are now at the Kermit prompt - that is your local kermit. At this prompt type: get filename filetype It will show on your screen as it pulls the file into your disk and renames it for your root directory. Depending on your path in Dos, it will put it either into your root or inside the Kermit directory. When it says 100% complete it will beep. Then you type: finish c (connecting to mainframe, getting out of local-kermit) q (you're quitting from kermit-server mode, back to VM space) Now you are back in the VM Ready and Running space. When you go to your PC hardisk later you can pull the file into your wordprocessor and print it out as you would any document. Check your margins. In WordPerfect, for example, you need to set the margins to 0 through format: shift F8,1,7. The file will remain in your filel even after you download. You have a copy of it on your hardisk. If you don't want it in your filel anymore, type "discard" next to it and . UPLOADING a file from your PC hardisk to your filel follows the same procedure as above. Kermit will send it from your pc to your filel. Instead of "get filename filetype" you type: send filename filetype . You should convert a document that was written in a wordprocessor to ASCII TEXT. If you do not, the wordprocessing codes will appear as garbage in the VM system. You must know the exact name and type of your files, both for "getting" (check you filel first) and for "sending" (check your root, or the path from a subdirectory - you don't need to specify c:\). *Remember* when you send a file to yourself it goes straight to your filel. When someone else sends you a file it arrives in rl and you have to receive it before you can download it to your PC or send it on! DOWNLOAD A BINARY FILE Some files are not in ascii text. If you are downloading a binary file, you need to do the following. Begin the process for downloading outlined above. AFTER typing "kermit" and BEFORE typing "server" you type: set file-type binary Then you continue. Go to local-kermit and "get" the file. DOWNLOAD TO A FLOPPY DISK You go through the process of kermit/server/local-kermit laid out above. At the local-kermit prompt, before typing "get filename filetype" you do: cd a: Then you type: get filename filetype Put a floppy in your drive of course. SPAWN TO DOS WHILE IN SERVER MODE Before or after getting or sending a file via kermit server, you can spawn to DOS and work on a file in your pc hardisk. At the local Kermit prompt, instead of typing "get filename filetype" you type: quit This pushes you to DOS. But you have not really left Kermit or hung up. You can go into your wordprocessor and work on a file. When you are finished, you go back to the C:\ prompt and type: kermit (pushes you back into kermit) c (connects you to local-kermit) (connects you to server) (Alt-x equals cntrl]c] Now you can resume your task. Get or send a file. When finished you do as usual: finish c q You are back in the ready and running space. Note: A much faster way of doing this is to type "push" at the local Kermit prompt and "exit" at the C:\ prompt when you want to return. This route tends to be more fragile however and can cause strange disconnections. *Sometimes* strange disconnections occur: when you type "finish" the cursor stays in place and does not allow you to quit from the server mode. This is due to the fragile connection between local-kermit and the mainframe. I found the only thing to do is to hangup when this happens and redial. Usually, the hung- process will have resolved itself by the time you return. SEND A FILE If you want to send a file to someone, it must be in your FILEL When someone sends you a file it arrives in your rl and you need to receive it (PF9) before you can send it on. You also need to know the exact name and type of a file you want to send. Go to filel of flist for this, then return to your VM space and type: sendfile filename filetype address A file must have a filetype to be retrieved or sent. You can rename a file. Do this at the bottom ==> command line (PF12) inside filel: rename filename filetype newfilename newfiletype Files with type MAIL will go as mail. SEND A FILE AS MAIL When you write a letter, you can include a file into it that is sitting in filel. There are two ways to do this. When you type a "mail" command in your VM space you can include the name of the file you want to send with the letter. Type: mail user at node (filename filetype Another way is to "get" the file once you are already inside a letter. Once you have addressed and are inside the letter, before or after writing the text, bring the cursor to the top ==> command line (PF12). There you type: get filename filetype This pulls the specified file from the FILEL into the letter. Then you can edit the letter, add text, add lines (PF5 key) or delete lines (PF6 key). MAIL TO MULTIPLE ADDRESSES You can address one piece of mail to a string of addresses, separated by spaces. In the VM ready and running space you type: mail user at node user at node user at node If you have created nicknames in your NAMES files, you can do: mail nick nick nick CREATE NICKNAMES AND NOTEBOOKS Creating nicknames allows you to log mail from a specific userid into a separate notebook. You can also address mail by typing a nickname instead of the full address. You create nicknames inside your NAMES file which sits in filel. To get into the NAMES file, you go to the VM ready and running space. Type: lname This throws you into a file where you enter data. You move from slot to slot with the TAB key: nick: (enter nickname of your choice) userid: (enter userid of address) node: (enter node part of address) notebook: (enter same name as nick or different. See notes below) name: (if you want the name of a person you write to be inserted into their address, enter their name as you wish it to appear) You can make a file for YOURSELF and enter your own name. Your name will now be inserted into the header of all your outgoing letters. ADD (PF2) finishes the process for one entry. CLEAR (PF4) gives you a fresh file to make another entry. Now when you write a letter to the persons you've entered in the NAMES file, you use their nick instead of typing out the whole address and the letter will be automatically addressed. From the VM ready and running space, type: mail nick Outgoing mail *to* this nickname will be automatically logged in their Notebook. Incoming mail *from* this address must be logged by you. While you are reading a letter, if you want to keep it, put the cursor at the top ===> (PF12) and hit LOG (PF2) or type: log If you made a nick and a notebook for the userid of this letter, it will be logged there. If there is no notebook for an address, it will be logged into All NOTEBOOK by default. If you do not log a letter, it disappears once you discard it, or after 10 days. MULTIPLE ADDRESSES FOR ONE PERSON: make sure you enter the address for a nickname *exactly* as it is on the letters you want to log there. If you do not, your REPLY to an incoming letter will NOT log there. If a person has multiple addresses, or uses both an Internet and Bitnet address, you need to make multiple nick files for them. Differentiate the nicks but keep the Notebook the same for all of them. Thus, outgoing mail to all the addresses for one person will be logged together. For example: mali = bitnet address, notebook mali mmali = internet address, notebook mali Remember: SENDFILE and TELL need a Bitnet address, whereas MAIL can be either Bitnet and Internet. Therefore: "sendfile nick" or "tell nick hi" must be linked to a Bitnet address, whereas "mail nick" can be either Bitnet or Internet. DELETING A NICK: You can BROWSE through your NAMES files in filel or flist. You can delete a nick if you enter NAMES through XEDIT (instead of browse) and type "d" next to the nick. You can also change other information. After you have made changes like this, however, you must save the changed file. Type "file" or "ff" at the bottom ==> command line. CHANGES: You can change the information inside the NAMES file. Enter your NAMES file from your VM space as you did to create a new file: type . Hit the PFkey for NEXT till you come to the nickname you want. Type in the changes and save it with CHANGE (PF6). However, you cannot change a nickname in this way. You need to delete the old nickname and enter a new nickname. To enter a new nickname, hit CLEAR for a fresh file. LOG INCOMING MAIL You can log incoming mail into Notebooks that are not linked to a nickname. If you want to keep a letter separate from ALL NOTEBOOK you can log it under any name you wish. Inside the letter, put the cursor to the ==> command line at the top of your screen and type: log name It will be logged as NAME NOTEBOOK in your filel. You can also specify a filetype other than Notebook: log name text Other mail can be appended to this notebook or file. You cannot log outgoing mail in this way. Without a nickname or notebook for the userid you write to, outgoing mail is logged in ALL NOTEBOOK by default. CREATE A SIGNATURE You may want to create a signature to put into your letters with information about yourself, such as your title, snail mail address, e-mail, and telephone. You must create a file in your filel. There are a number of ways to do this. One way is to create it on your PC in your word processor and upload it to your filel. When you are finished writing the text of a letter, make sure your cursor ends *underneath* your text (if not, it will insert the signature into the middle of your text). Then bring the cursor to the ==> prompt at the top of your screen and type: get filename filetype The signature file will be copied from filel into your letter. LIBRARY CATALOGUES IN ISRAEL Instead of typing "c ibm" when you connect to the mainframe, type: c har1 Aleph (user) term: (pick which is best for you - experiment) stop (exit) =================================== 6. GETTING MORE INFORMATION =================================== There are a number of files that are useful to beginners who want to learn more about Kermit, Bitnet, and Internet. MS-DOS KERMIT USER GUIDE should come with the Kermit you receive from the university. If not, you can request it from Kermit@CUVMA by writing them e-mail. BITNET - two files can be requested by typing the following commands in your VM ready and running space: tell listserv at bitnic sendme bitnet userhelp tell listserv at bitnic sendme bitnet servers The Bitnet files will arrive in your rl and need to be received into filel. INTERNET - some interesting files can be received through ftp. In your VM ready and running space, type these commands followed by : get tcp ftp vm.tau.ac.il anonymous (user) cd hank.400 dir (to see full listing of what is in hank.400) get rfc1208.text (get A glossary of networking terms) get rfc1206.text (get New Internet user questions) quit The Internet files will arrive directly into your filel. LIST-OF-LISTS is a regularly updated file, approximately 8OOK in size, that lists all the interest group lists and newsletters available through Bitnet and internet. Lists-of-Lists is available via anonymous ftp at the host ftp.nisc.sri.com. Use your userid as password. The file is located in the netinfo directory under the name interest-groups. It can also be requested via electronic mail. Send a message to: mail-server at nisc.sri.com. Put the following line in the message body: send netinfo/interest groups. It will arrive in moderate sized pieces. IRFC-II is a document that addresses Frequently Asked Questions about the Israeli section of the network. it can be requested over the Il-Board list or can be obtained from the Israeli Academic Network Information Center, headed by Hank Nussbacher (Hank at vm.tau.ac.il). Further questions should be directed to your computer center. Name:------, e-mail:-------, voice:-------. ================================================================ ================================================================  ú soulr hujivm1 4/02/92 §Lucia Ruedenberg Stan Horowitz 4/02/92 vm guide